Mechanized tunnelling solutions for small hydro plants

With more world focus on hydropower development, and powerplants of every size being developed or renovated in many parts of the world, there is an increasing need for innovative excavation technologies. Long horizontal or inclined tunnels, including those requiring pressure-resistant linings, are often part of these schemes to handle water transfer and the discharge needed for power generation. This paper focuses on the importance of developing small hydropower plants, and gives an overview of the available mechanized tunnelling technologies including a selection of case studies.