Implementation of a supervisory control and data acquisition system for critical infrastructure

European and international regulatory frameworks are increasingly covering the security and structural safety of critical infrastructure. In Italy, Enel has developed and operates a remote control system for the management of more than 500 renewable energy plants with a production capacity of about 16 GW, 92 per cent of which is from hydroelectric plants and includes about 200 dams. Design criteria for the remote control system are described here.